Start with the failure modes
Every engineering decision starts with one question: what happens if something goes wrong? The answer shapes the enclosure, the battery management, the thermal strategy and the connector logic — long before styling enters the picture.
What that means in practice
- Vehicle interoperability: consistent behavior across the supported vehicle set.
- Thermal performance: managed temperatures across the conditions real travel includes.
- Transport and handling: durability for life in a trunk and repeated setup.
- Protective systems: battery management, monitoring and a rugged enclosure.
Why we publish figures carefully
Every figure on this site is stated with its conditions. Real-world results depend on the vehicle, the weather and the route — so we publish ranges, not best cases, and update them as the supported vehicle set grows.